SpringBoot+Vue 豆宝社区前后端分离项目手把手实战系列教程 02---创建后端工程

[songboriceboy]

豆宝社区项目实战教程简介

本项目实战教程配有免费视频教程，配套代码完全开源。手把手从零开始搭建一个目前应用最广泛的 Springboot+Vue 前后端分离多用户社区项目。本项目难度适中，为便于大家学习，每一集视频教程对应在 Github 上的每一次提交。

项目首页截图

代码开源地址

前端 后端

视频教程地址

视频教程

前端技术栈

Vue Vuex Vue Router Axios Bulma Buefy Element Vditor DarkReader

后端技术栈

Spring Boot Mysql Mybatis MyBatis-Plus Spring Security JWT Lombok

搭建后端工程

0.导入 sql

在数据库导入

/*
 Navicat Premium Data Transfer
 Source Server         : localhost
 Source Server Type    : MySQL
 Source Server Version : 80022
 Source Host           : localhost:3306
 Source Schema         : doubao
 Target Server Type    : MySQL
 Target Server Version : 80022
 File Encoding         : 65001
*/

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for bms_billboard
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `bms_billboard`;
CREATE TABLE `bms_billboard`  (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `content` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NOT NULL COMMENT '公告',
  `create_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '公告时间',
  `show` tinyint(1) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '1：展示中，0：过期',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 6 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4  COMMENT = '全站公告' ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of bms_billboard
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `bms_billboard` VALUES (2, 'R1.0 开始已实现护眼模式 ,妈妈再也不用担心我的眼睛了。', '2020-11-19 17:16:19', 0);
INSERT INTO `bms_billboard` VALUES (4, '系统已更新至最新版 1.0.1', NULL, 1);


-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for bms_follow
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `bms_follow`;
CREATE TABLE `bms_follow`  (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `parent_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '被关注人 ID',
  `follower_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '关注人 ID',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 130 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4  COMMENT = '用户关注' ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of bms_follow
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `bms_follow` VALUES (65, '1329723594994229250', '1317498859501797378');
INSERT INTO `bms_follow` VALUES (85, '1332912847614083073', '1332636310897664002');
INSERT INTO `bms_follow` VALUES (129, '1349290158897311745', '1349618748226658305');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for bms_post
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `bms_post`;
CREATE TABLE `bms_post`  (
  `id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '主键',
  `title` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '标题',
  `content` longtext CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL COMMENT 'markdown 内容',
  `user_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '作者 ID',
  `comments` int NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '评论统计',
  `collects` int NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '收藏统计',
  `view` int NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '浏览统计',
  `top` bit(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '是否置顶，1-是，0-否',
  `essence` bit(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '是否加精，1-是，0-否',
  `section_id` int NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '专栏 ID',
  `create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '发布时间',
  `modify_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  UNIQUE INDEX `title`(`title`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `user_id`(`user_id`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `create_time`(`create_time`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '话题表' ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for bms_comment
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `bms_comment`;
CREATE TABLE `bms_comment`  (
  `id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '主键',
  `content` varchar(1000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '内容',
  `user_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '作者 ID',
  `topic_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'topic_id',
  `create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '发布时间',
  `modify_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '评论表' ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for ums_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `ums_user`;
CREATE TABLE `ums_user`  (
  `id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户 ID',
  `username` varchar(15) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用户名',
  `alias` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户昵称',
  `password` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '密码',
  `avatar` varchar(1000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像',
  `email` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
  `mobile` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机',
  `score` int NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '积分',
  `token` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'token',
  `bio` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '个人简介',
  `active` bit(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '是否激活，1：是，0：否',
  `status` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT b'1' COMMENT '状态，1：使用，0：停用',
  `role_id` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户角色',
  `create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '加入时间',
  `modify_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE INDEX `user_name`(`username`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `user_email`(`email`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `user_create_time`(`create_time`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '用户表' ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of ums_user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `ums_user` VALUES ('1349290158897311745', 'admin', 'admin', '$2a$10$8qx711TBg/2hxfL7N.sxf.0ROMhR/iuPhQx33IFqGd7PLgt5nGJTO', 'https://s3.ax1x.com/2020/12/01/DfHNo4.jpg', '[email protected]', NULL, 2, '', '自由职业者', b'1', b'1', NULL, '2021-01-13 17:40:17', NULL);
INSERT INTO `ums_user` VALUES ('1349618748226658305', 'zhangsan', 'zhangsan', '$2a$10$7K3yYv8sMV5Xsc2facXTcuyDo8JQ4FJHvjZ7qtWYcJdei3Q6Fvqdm', 'https://s3.ax1x.com/2020/12/01/DfHNo4.jpg', '[email protected]', NULL, 0, '', '自由职业者', b'1', b'1', NULL, '2021-01-14 15:25:59', NULL);

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

创建 maven 工程

1.pom 依赖

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.8.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <mybatis-plus.version>3.4.2</mybatis-plus.version>
    <fastjson.version>1.2.75</fastjson.version>
    <hutool.version>5.5.7</hutool.version>
    <jwt.version>0.9.1</jwt.version>
    <emoji-java.version>5.1.1</emoji-java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--web-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--lombok-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <!--jjwt-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
        <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
        <version>${jwt.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--emoji-java 表情包-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.vdurmont</groupId>
        <artifactId>emoji-java</artifactId>
        <version>${emoji-java.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- lettuce pool 缓存连接池-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--HuTool-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
        <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        <version>${hutool.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--mysql-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--mybatis-plus-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>${mybatis-plus.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--fastjson-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
        <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--yaml-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <!--bean validator-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2.yam 配置

# 端口号
server:
  port: 8081
  
# 数据库
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: root
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/nodepad_mblog?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
    type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource

# sql 日志打印
mybatis-plus:
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

3.启动类

// 我们这里还没有配置数据库，exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class 就是启动时不加载数据库
// @SpringBootApplication(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
@Slf4j
@SpringBootApplication
public class BlogApplication {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BlogApplication.class, args);
        String port = context.getEnvironment().getProperty("server.port");
        log.info("http://localhost:"+port);
    }
}

启动项目测试有没有报错

4.项目返回和错误处理

4.1api 数据返回

IErrorCode

public interface IErrorCode {
    /**
     * 错误编码: -1 失败;200 成功
     *
     * @return 错误编码
     */
    Integer getCode();

    /**
     * 错误描述
     *
     * @return 错误描述
     */
    String getMessage();
}

ApiErrorCode

public enum ApiErrorCode implements IErrorCode {

    /**
     * 成功
     */
    SUCCESS(200, "操作成功"),
    /**
     * 失败
     */
    FAILED(-1, "操作失败"),
    /**
     * 未登录，Token 过期
     */
    UNAUTHORIZED(401, "暂未登录或 token 已经过期"),
    /**
     * 权限不足
     */
    FORBIDDEN(403, "权限不足"),
    /**
     * 参数校验错误
     */
    VALIDATE_FAILED(404, "参数检验失败");

    private final Integer code;
    private final String message;

    ApiErrorCode(int code, String message) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    @Override
    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ApiErrorCode{" +
                "code=" + code +
                ", message='" +message + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

ApiResult

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Optional;


@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class ApiResult<T> implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -4153430394359594346L;
    /**
     * 业务状态码
     */
    private long code;
    /**
     * 结果集
     */
    private T data;
    /**
     * 接口描述
     */
    private String message;

    /**
     * 全参
     *
     * @param code    业务状态码
     * @param message 描述
     * @param data    结果集
     */
    public ApiResult(long code, String message, T data) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
        this.data = data;
    }

    public ApiResult(IErrorCode errorCode) {
        errorCode = Optional.ofNullable(errorCode).orElse(ApiErrorCode.FAILED);
        this.code = errorCode.getCode();
        this.message = errorCode.getMessage();
    }

    /**
     * 成功
     *
     * @param data 结果集
     * @return {code:200,message:操作成功,data:自定义}
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> success() {
        return new ApiResult<T>(ApiErrorCode.SUCCESS.getCode(), ApiErrorCode.SUCCESS.getMessage(), null);
    }

    /**
     * 成功
     *
     * @param data 结果集
     * @return {code:200,message:操作成功,data:自定义}
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> success(T data) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(ApiErrorCode.SUCCESS.getCode(), ApiErrorCode.SUCCESS.getMessage(), data);
    }

    /**
     * 成功
     *
     * @param data    结果集
     * @param message 自定义提示信息
     * @return {code:200,message:自定义,data:自定义}
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> success(T data, String message) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(ApiErrorCode.SUCCESS.getCode(), message, data);
    }

    /**
     * 失败返回结果
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> failed() {
        return failed(ApiErrorCode.FAILED);
    }

    /**
     * 失败返回结果
     *
     * @param message 提示信息
     * @return {code:枚举 ApiErrorCode 取,message:自定义,data:null}
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> failed(String message) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(ApiErrorCode.FAILED.getCode(), message, null);
    }

    /**
     * 失败
     *
     * @param errorCode 错误码
     * @return {code:封装接口取,message:封装接口取,data:null}
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> failed(IErrorCode errorCode) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(errorCode.getCode(), errorCode.getMessage(), null);
    }

    /**
     * 失败返回结果
     *
     * @param errorCode 错误码
     * @param message   错误信息
     * @return {code:枚举 ApiErrorCode 取,message:自定义,data:null}
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> failed(IErrorCode errorCode, String message) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(errorCode.getCode(), message, null);
    }

    /**
     * 参数验证失败返回结果
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> validateFailed() {
        return failed(ApiErrorCode.VALIDATE_FAILED);
    }

    /**
     * 参数验证失败返回结果
     *
     * @param message 提示信息
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> validateFailed(String message) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(ApiErrorCode.VALIDATE_FAILED.getCode(), message, null);
    }

    /**
     * 未登录返回结果
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> unauthorized(T data) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(ApiErrorCode.UNAUTHORIZED.getCode(), ApiErrorCode.UNAUTHORIZED.getMessage(), data);
    }

    /**
     * 未授权返回结果
     */
    public static <T> ApiResult<T> forbidden(T data) {
        return new ApiResult<T>(ApiErrorCode.FORBIDDEN.getCode(), ApiErrorCode.FORBIDDEN.getMessage(), data);
    }
}

4.2 全局异常

ApiException

public class ApiException extends RuntimeException {
    private IErrorCode errorCode;

    public ApiException(IErrorCode errorCode) {
        super(errorCode.getMessage());
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
    }

    public ApiException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    public IErrorCode getErrorCode() {
        return errorCode;
    }
}

ApiAsserts

public class ApiAsserts {
    /**
     * 抛失败异常
     *
     * @param message 说明
     */
    public static void fail(String message) {
        throw new ApiException(message);
    }

    /**
     * 抛失败异常
     *
     * @param errorCode 状态码
     */
    public static void fail(IErrorCode errorCode) {
        throw new ApiException(errorCode);
    }
}

GlobalExceptionHandler

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import java.util.Map;

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    /**
     * 捕获自定义异常
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @ExceptionHandler(value = ApiException.class)
    public ApiResult<Map<String, Object>> handle(ApiException e) {
        if (e.getErrorCode() != null) {
            return ApiResult.failed(e.getErrorCode());
        }
        return ApiResult.failed(e.getMessage());
    }
}

[seven123]

不错，感谢