Self-punishment

Definition｜释义

自我惩罚：因内疚、自责或想“赎罪”等心理而刻意让自己受苦（情绪上或行为上），例如不断责备自己、拒绝快乐、故意承受不必要的痛苦等。（也可泛指对自己的严厉“处罚”或苛责。）

Pronunciation｜发音

/ˌself ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

Examples｜例句

I stopped the self-punishment and asked for help.
我停止了自我惩罚，转而去寻求帮助。

He treated every small mistake as proof he didn’t deserve happiness, turning his guilt into a habit of self-punishment.
他把每个小错误都当作自己不配快乐的证据，把内疚变成了一种自我惩罚的习惯。

Etymology｜词源

由 self-（“自我、自身的”）+ punishment（“惩罚”）构成。punishment 源自古法语 punissement，进一步追溯到拉丁语 pūnīre（“惩罚、使受罚”），与“惩戒/处罚”的含义一脉相承；合起来即“对自己施加惩罚”。

Related Words｜相关词

• Guilt
• Shame
• Self-blame
• Self-criticism
• Remorse
• Atonement
• Penitence
• Self-compassion

Notable Works｜文学作品

• Self-Compassion: The Proven Power of Being Kind to Yourself — Kristin Neff（常用该词讨论与“自我慈悲”相对的心理模式）
• The Mindful Self-Compassion Workbook — Kristin Neff & Christopher Germer（以 self-punishment 对照练习目标）
• The Body Keeps the Score — Bessel van der Kolk（在创伤与应对行为的语境中会出现该词）