Mitophagy
定义 Definition
Mitophagy(线粒体自噬)指细胞通过自噬(autophagy)途径选择性地识别、包裹并降解受损或多余的线粒体,以维持细胞能量代谢稳定、减少氧化应激并支持细胞健康。(该词也可在更广义上指任何“针对线粒体的自噬清除过程”。)
发音 Pronunciation (IPA)
/maɪˈtɑːfəˌdʒi/
例句 Examples
Mitophagy helps cells remove damaged mitochondria.
线粒体自噬帮助细胞清除受损的线粒体。
When mitophagy is impaired, dysfunctional mitochondria can accumulate, increasing oxidative stress and contributing to neurodegenerative disease.
当线粒体自噬受损时,功能异常的线粒体可能堆积,增加氧化应激,并促进神经退行性疾病的发展。
词源 Etymology
该词由 mito-(来自 mitochondrion,“线粒体”)与 -phagy(源自希腊语 phagein,“吃、吞食”)构成,字面意思接近“吞噬线粒体”,用于描述细胞通过自噬系统“吞入并降解线粒体”的生物学过程。
相关词 Related Words
文献与作品 Literary / Notable Works
- Narendra et al. “Parkin is recruited selectively to impaired mitochondria and promotes their autophagy.” Journal of Cell Biology (2008)
- Youle & Narendra. “Mechanisms of mitophagy.” Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (2011)
- Pickrell & Youle. “The roles of PINK1, Parkin, and mitochondrial fidelity in Parkinson’s disease.” Neuron (2015)
- Alberts et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell(细胞自噬与线粒体质量控制相关章节常出现该词)